Panax quinquefolius (Panacis Quinquefolii Radix)
Nature and flavour. Sweet, slightly bitter and cool; Heart, Lung and Kidney systems.
The cooling counterpart to Asian ginseng. Traditionally used where qi is depleted at the same time as fluids are dry or a low-grade heat is present; the classical summary is that it tonifies qi and nourishes yin, clears fire and generates fluid (补气养阴、清火生津). It is the North American species of Panax and entered Chinese practice as an import — its first clear entry in a Chinese materia medica is usually attributed to Ben Cao Cong Xin (本草从新, 1757). It is used as a food-grade ingredient in soups and teas in both North America and China.
性味归经。甘、微苦，凉；归心、肺、肾经。
与人参相对而偏凉的一味补气药。传统用于气虚而兼阴亏、口干或有虚火者，古典概括为『补气养阴、清火生津』。它是人参属的美洲种，以输入的身份进入中国用药体系 —— 其在中文本草中的明确收载通常被认为始于《本草从新》（1757）。在北美与中国均作汤饮、茶饮的食材级材料使用。
与亚洲人参（Panax ginseng）不可互替：物种不同、传统寒温归类不同，而市场上二者互相冒充极为常见。人参属可降低血糖，使用胰岛素或口服降糖药者须在医生指导下使用；与华法林的相互作用（INR 下降）有文献报告，不宜在无医疗监护下同用抗凝或抗血小板药。孕期与哺乳期安全性未确立。失眠、头痛与胃肠不适有报告。野生西洋参列入 CITES 附录 II，出口受管制 —— 只从能说明来源的商家购买。已有多次产品检测发现标示西洋参的货物含其他物种、甚至完全不含人参属成分。本页不宣称它对你能有什么效果。
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